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Market Analysis of Ultrasonic Cleaning Equipment

Market Analysis of Ultrasonic Cleaning Equipment

一、    超声波清洗设备市场分析 （1）产品市场发展概况       超精密清洗机清洗包括对精密工业生产过程中对机械零件、电子元件，光学部件等的超精密清洗，以清除极微小污垢颗粒为目的。       超声波清洗机根据清洗方法的不同，也可以分为物理清洗和化学清洗：利用力学、声学、光学，电学、热学的原理，依靠外来能量的作用，如机械摩擦、超声波、负压、高压．)中击。紫外线、蒸汽等去除物体表面污垢的方法叫物理清洗；        依靠化学反应的作用，利用化学药品或其它溶剂清除物体表面污垢的方法叫化学清洗．如用各种无机或有机酸去除物体表面的锈迹、水垢，用氧化剂去除物体表面的色斑，用杀菌剂。消毒剂杀灭微生物并去除霉斑等．物理清洗和化学清洗都存在着各自的优缺点，又具有很好的互补性。在实际应用过程中，通常都是把两者结合起来使用，以获得更好的清洗效果。        超声波清洗机根据清洗媒介的不同，又可以分为湿式清洗和干式清洗：一般将在液体介质中进行的清洗称为湿式清洗，在气体介质中进行的清洗称为干式清洗．传统的清洗方式大多为湿式清洗，而人们比较容易理解的干式清洗也就是吸尘器．但近年来，干式清洗发展迅速．如激光清洗．紫外线清洗，等离子清洗、干冰清洗等，在高。精，尖工业技术领域得到快速发展．        超声波清洗的另一个考虑因素是清洗件的上、下料或者说是放置清洗件的工装的设计。清洗件在超声清洗槽内时，无论清洗件还是清洗件篮都不得触及槽底。清洗件总的横截面积不应超越超声槽横截面积的 70%橡胶以及非刚化塑料会吸收超声波能量，故将此类资料用于工装时应谨慎。绝缘的清洗件也应引起特别注意。工装篮设计不当，或所盛工件太重，纵使最好的超声清洗系统的效率也会被大大降低。钩子、架子以及烧杯都可用来支持清洗件。 （2）产品市场需求现状       超声波发生器发出的高频振荡信号，通过换能器转换成高频机械振荡而传播到介质--清洗溶剂中，超声波在清洗剂中疏密相间的向前辐射，使液体流动而产生数以万计的直径为 50-500μm 的微小气泡，存在于液体中的微小气泡在声场的作用下振动。这些气泡在超声波纵向传播的负压区形成、生长，而在正压区， 当声压达到一定值时，气泡迅速增大，然后突然闭合。并在气泡闭合时产生冲击波，在其周围产生上千个大气压，破坏不溶性污物而使他们分散于清洗剂中，当团体粒子被油污裹着而黏附在清洗件表面时，油被乳化，固体粒子及脱离，从而 达到清洗件净化的目的。在这种被称之为“空化”效应的过程中，气泡闭合可形成几百度的高温和超过 1000 个气压的瞬间高压。 超声清洗设备就是利用这样的原理，随着清洗行业的不断发展，越来越多的行业和企业运用到了超声波清洗机，因其超高性价比，得到了众多商家的一致好评。对中国而言，超声波清洗设备产业已经不是一个很年轻的新兴产业了。如今食品行业发展如此迅速，多元化趋势明显，超声波清洗设备的发展也必然不能落后跟不上步伐。 我国目前超声波清洗自主生产均以中低档为主，高科技核心技术方面仍依靠引进国外技术，无形中产品成本较高，而很多食品附加值较低，使得这种高价位设备很难得到广泛应用。

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What are the precision cleaning equipment?

What are the precision cleaning equipment?

The main cleaning technologies used in precision cleaning equipment include ultrasonic cleaning and plate cleaning. Ultrasonic cleaning is the current mainstream cleaning technology, the main use of ultrasonic cavitation in the liquid, acceleration and straight into the role of liquid and dirt direct, indirect action, so that the dirt layer is dispersed, emulsified, stripping and cleaning purposes. Ultrasonic cleaning efficiency, high cleanliness, cleaning does not leave dead ends, especially in the cleaning of irregular, complex shape surface parts and deep holes, blind holes and slits in the dirt is more obvious. Ultrasonic cleaning is not only used in traditional industries such as watches, automobiles, home appliances, hardware, equipment and machinery manufacturing, but also widely used in emerging high-tech industries such as semiconductors and components, flat panel displays, and aerospace. With the progress of ultrasonic technology, ultrasonic cleaning technology has a trend of diversified application of frequency. The emergence of megahertz-level high-frequency cleaning technology enables cleaning equipment to remove ultrafine dirt particles as small as a few tenths of a micron on the surface of parts without hurting the surface of parts. This technology is widely used in the precision cleaning of ultra-large-scale semiconductor chips, silicon wafers, ceramics and other special objects, in addition, the emergence of low-frequency, multi-frequency cleaning technology and sweep frequency, frequency modulation cleaning technology has also promoted the development of ultrasonic cleaning technology. Plate cleaning mainly refers to the use of roller/disc scrubbing, ultrasonic cleaning, high-pressure spray cleaning and other ways to clean the flat thin glass plate. At present, it is mainly used in TFT-LCD, touch screen, photovoltaic, automotive glass and other production fields. Compared with ultrasonic cleaning, plate cleaning has obvious efficiency advantage in cleaning large area flat glass. The flat plate cleaning technology shows a trend towards the development of high generation line, that is, the size of the cleaning object glass is getting larger and larger. The technical level of precision cleaning equipment is mainly reflected in: 1, the comprehensive use of cleaning technology; 2. According to the requirements of different customers for cleaning technology and production lines, targeted design and manufacturing are carried out. This requires manufacturers to use electrical technology, mechanical technology and other technical categories. This is a long-term technology accumulation process.

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What is needed for industrial cleaning equipment

What is needed for industrial cleaning equipment

1. Industrial Cleaning Equipment Definition Nowadays, industrial special cleaning equipment is mainly ultrasonic cleaning machine. It is characterized by the use of ultrasonic cavitation in the liquid, acceleration effect and direct flow effect on the liquid and dirt direct and indirect effect, so that the dirt layer is dispersed, emulsified, stripped to achieve the purpose of cleaning. The current use of ultrasonic cleaning machine, cavitation and straight into the flow of the role of more applications. Classification of 2. industrial cleaning equipment 1. High-pressure cleaning machine. That's what the head said, for washing cars. Use high pressure to spray water out, strong to sludge. Not only can you wash the car, many dirt heavier objects can also be cleaned; 2. Ultrasonic cleaning machine. The high frequency of ultrasonic wave is converted into kinetic energy through the transducer and then acts on the surface of the object through the liquid medium. Under the impact of high frequency, the dirt on the surface is separated, so as to achieve the cleaning effect. This cleaning method is to put the object into the cleaning tank, its advantage is that it can be cleaned in batches, and does not leave dead corners, comprehensive and meticulous in place. Mainly used for hardware, electronics, optics, jewelry, laboratory and other industries smaller objects surface cleaning. 3. Dry ice cleaning machine. Suitable for surface cleaning of larger equipment and parts, such as molds, automobiles, ships, rubber, plastics and other industries. Its working principle is to spray high-pressure air and dry ice particles onto the surface of the object, and wash away the dirt on the surface of the object under the dual pressure of high pressure and freezing. 4. Floor heating cleaning machine. Also called geothermal cleaning machine, mainly used to clean the geothermal pipeline. The automatic pulse geothermal cleaning machine uses the combination of gas, water and electromagnetic pulse to convert the internal vortex power into kinetic energy, and carries out high-speed movement in the form of tiny molecules, through the heat energy, kinetic energy and electromagnetic pulse in the operation process. The dirt in the tube wall is decomposed and washed out of the tube with water molecules to achieve the function of cleaning machine.

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Development Trend of Cleaning Agents in the Future

Development Trend of Cleaning Agents in the Future

With the construction of China's resource-saving and environment-friendly society and the increasing efforts of the Chinese government to "energy saving and emission reduction", insisting on environmental cleaning to reduce pollution emissions has become a long-term goal for the sustainable development of China's cleaning industry. Only by continuously developing and using new environmentally friendly cleaning technologies and products can we continuously improve the competitiveness of enterprises and create the highest benefits. Our country is building new projects and product lines everywhere, and is gradually becoming a "world processing plant". The huge market demand provides a rapid development opportunity for industrial cleaning equipment manufacturers and professional cleaning agent production suppliers. There are about 4000 cleaning products manufacturers, distributors and agents in China. The number of end users of cleaning products for industrial and commercial purposes has reached 5 million, excluding the cleaning products used by hundreds of millions of ordinary citizens. The output value of industrial cleaning agents is estimated at 20 billion yuan, while the total investment of foreign manufacturers in China is currently about 3 billion yuan. China has a potential market demand of 300 billion yuan per year for professional cleaning. There are many opportunities and the competition is fierce. Under the implementation of the new environmental protection law, the market for environmentally friendly cleaning agents will only become larger and larger. However, due to the high standards of emissions in the environmental protection law, how to customize the corresponding products according to the needs of customers will become a problem that enterprises will focus on solving in the future. 3. industry demand forecast In the highly competitive market environment, the reshuffle in the industry is inevitable. Industrial cleaning agent manufacturers also need to increase research and development efforts, increase investment in science and technology, make full use of network information resources, research and development of serialization, personalized, functional, integrated green environmental protection cleaning agent products. In the future, industrial cleaning agents will be environmentally friendly, safe, non-toxic, do not affect the health of employees, good chemical stability and thermal stability, and good compatibility with cleaning objects; low surface tension, low viscosity, high cleaning rate, simple follow-up treatment, Low cost direction. With the progress of fine organic synthesis technology, biotechnology and detection technology, chemical cleaning agents will develop in the direction of molecular design and become green industrial cleaning agents with biodegradability and enzyme catalysis. Neutral or weakly acidic organic compounds will replace strong alkali, strong acid; linear organic compounds and plant extracts will replace aromatic compounds; phosphorus-free, fluorine-free cleaning agents will replace phosphorus-containing fluorine-containing cleaning agents; biodegradable environmentally friendly cleaning agents will replace difficult to decompose heavy pollution cleaning agents. In terms of cleaning additives, more attention will be paid to the role of catalysts, promoters and strippers, and make them non-toxic and low-dose; special high-efficiency, green and environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitors will also be developed under special conditions. Chemical cleaning technology will also gradually expand its scope of application.

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Market Analysis of Solvent Cleaning Agent

Market Analysis of Solvent Cleaning Agent

溶剂清洗剂市场分析 1）市场发展概况        有机溶剂清洗剂主要是指成分中不含有水的有机类溶剂，多以烃类（石油类）、氯代烃、氟代烃、溴代烃、醇类等作为清洗主体。有机溶剂主要用于溶解一些不溶于水的物质（如油脂、蜡、树脂、橡胶、染料等）和多种有机类污垢，其特点是在常温常压下呈液态，流动性好，粘度也较小，具有较大的挥发性，清洗过后在物质表面残留较少，在溶解过程中，溶质与溶剂的性质均无改变。 2）市场需求现状        由于有机溶剂易挥发进入环境中，不仅污染了空气，又具有脂溶性，容易对人体造成毒害作用，因此近年来以不断地探索研发毒性更低、挥发性更弱的有机溶剂清洗剂为发展方向。        目前最具有争议的有机溶剂清洗剂是 ODS 类清洗剂，ODS 指的是对大气臭氧层有破坏作用或消耗臭氧层的物质，主要是指用作清洗剂的三氯三氟乙烷（CFC－113）、四氯化碳（CCl4）、全氟氯烃（CFC）、1，1，1－三氯乙烷（CH3CCl3）、全溴烷烃以及溴化氟烃类物质。虽然这类物质具有良好的清洁效果和经济效益， 但是其可破坏臭氧层，造成臭氧层空洞，严重危害地球安全。        为了避免臭氧层受到进一步的破坏，目前已经禁止使用 ODS 类有机溶剂清洗剂，并逐步研发出了一系列可替代 ODS 的有机溶剂清洗剂。         HCFC（氢氯氟烃）类清洗剂便是作为过渡性的 ODS 清洗剂替代品。20 世纪末，以 HCFC 为原料的 HCFC－141b（CH3Cl2CF 等一系列清洗剂被推荐作为三氯乙烷和 CFC 类清洗剂的替代品。         通过实验研究对比，HCFC 与 CFC－113 的理化性能比较接近，在进行替代时不需要对原有清洗设备作大的改动，替代成本能够在一定程度上降低，对一些中小企业的替代非?常有利，能够避免技术改革带来的资金过度消耗。虽然这类清洗剂中成分也含有氯，但氯的释放对臭氧层的破坏程度比 CFC 要小得多。但是尽管如此，HCFC 类清洗剂也将于 2020 年被全面禁止使用，只能临时性地替代 ODS 清洗剂。 3）市场发展趋势        为开发可长期替代氟氯烃的清洗剂，又提出溴代烃类清洗剂 n－PB（C3H7Br） 作为一种新的清洗剂，在适当条件下可以替代 ODS。n－PB 具有很犟的溶解油脂的能力，结构性质类似于 1，1，1－三氯乙烷和三氯乙烯，可以替代一些过渡性的清洗溶剂如 HCFC－225 和其他一些可燃性的清洗溶剂。n－PB 的制造成本略低于 1，1，1－三氯乙烷，其清洗性能价格比较理想， 但是该类清洗剂的毒性没有得到确定，可能存在一定的安全隐患。        HFE（氢氟醚）类清洗剂作为替代 ODS 清洗剂的特点。HFE 类清洗剂的最大优点是在大气中的寿命短，对全球气候变暖的影响较小。另外 HFE 溶剂有较高的沸点，有利于减少清洗剂在使用过程中的挥发损失。但是 HFE 的价格昂贵，限制了使用的范围。目前 HFE 主要用于高附加值零件的清洗或其他特殊要求的清洗场合，且常与一些清洗能力较犟的溶剂复配使用。研究发现 HFC 类清洗剂对臭氧层没有破坏作用，并且具有低毒性、低表面张力和良好的材料相容性，其性能与CFC 和 HCFC 接近，因此可以替代 ODS 有机清洗剂。 上述多种用于暂时替代或长久替代 ODS 的各类非 ODS 清洗剂，这些技术逐渐成熟，有些得到广泛使用，但是仍有技术提升的空间，需要进一步向环保、高效、经济、方便的方向发展。

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Market Analysis of Environmental Non-toxic Cleaning Agent

Market Analysis of Environmental Non-toxic Cleaning Agent

Market Analysis of Environmental Non-toxic Cleaning Agent (1) Water-based cleaning agent market analysis 1) Overview of market development Based on the statistical data of metal degreasing cleaning agents in 2009, the type of cleaning agent with the largest sales volume and sales volume of metal degreasing cleaning agents is water-based cleaning agents. In 2009, the sales volume of water-based cleaning agents reached 187000 tons, accounting for 37% of the total sales volume of metal degreasing cleaning agents, and the sales volume of water-based cleaning agents reached 2.51 billion yuan, accounting for 47% of the total sales volume of metal degreasing cleaning agents. In 2009, the chlorine-based metal degreasing cleaning agent reached 93000 tons, sales of chlorine-based metal degreasing cleaning agents reached 0.5 billion yuan, accounting for 10% of the sales of metal degreasing cleaning agents. Sales of hydrocarbon metal degreasing cleaning agents reached 66000 tons, accounting for 13% of the sales of metal degreasing cleaning agents, and sales of hydrocarbon metal degreasing cleaning agents reached 0.53 billion yuan, accounting for 10% of the sales of metal degreasing cleaning agents. 2) Current situation of market demand Water is the most important cleaning agent, has any other cleaning agent can not replace the role and status. Ordinary water is easily obtained from nature, and water has strong dissolving and dispersing power. But the surface tension of water is high. In use, it is necessary to add surfactants to reduce surface tension and increase surface wettability. In general industrial cleaning, acid, alkali and water with more common, some metals with water to join the rust inhibitor; in precision and ultra-precision industrial cleaning. Most require the water to be made pure. Water purity is usually measured by resistivity. The semiconductor industry requires more than 18 MΩ?cm. And TN type liquid crystal production 10 MΩcm can be, there are some industries on the bacterial content requirements are very strict. 3) Market development trend In recent years, the serious water shortage in some parts of China has posed a challenge to the cleaning water. Some cities have banned the use of ordinary water to wash the car, and can only use recycled water, or water-saving equipment atomized water. In precision industrial cleaning, the preparation of pure water is expensive. Water washing must be heated and dried. Increase a lot of rinsing stations. The energy consumption is large, and the operating cost is usually higher than that of solvent washing. In addition, a large amount of wastewater containing chemical active agents and dirt is discharged directly without treatment. Some also carry a very toxic heavy metals, seriously polluting the environment, it is necessary to increase the sewage treatment facilities.

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What are the additives commonly used in industrial cleaning agents?

What are the additives commonly used in industrial cleaning agents?

Oxidants commonly used in industrial cleaning agents Sodium nitrite Name: sodium nitrite Molecular formula: NaNO2 Relative density: 2.168 Relative molecular mass: 69.00 Physical properties: white or light yellow rhombic crystal, odorless, easily soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol or ether, alkaline aqueous solution, easy to be oxidized in the air. Uses: can be used as chemical cleaning printing agent, after pickling, washing or rinsing the metal surface exposed to the atmosphere, very vulnerable to corrosion, the use of sodium nitrite solution treatment, so that the metal surface to generate a protective film, is commonly used "passivation" method. During treatment, the content of sodium nitrite in passivation injection is usually 1.0~2.0, its pH value is adjusted to 9~10 with ammonia water, the temperature of passivation solution is maintained at 50~60 ℃, and the printing cycle time is 6~10h, then the passivation solution is drained and washed with demineralized water to avoid corrosion caused by residual sodium nitrite. The passivation method is safe, easy to operate, and can form a dense, steel gray protective film on the surface of the fresh metal after pickling. In the passivation treatment should pay attention: ① Use a cleaning pump to circulate the passivation demineralized water in the cleaning system and heat it to the required temperature. Add ammonia to the passivation water, so that the pH value of the passivation water quickly increased to 9~10. ③ The sodium nitrite required for passivation is added at one time in the continuous circulation of passivation water. The passivation temperature should be determined frequently during the passivation process, and the concentration of sodium nitrite in water samples should be determined.

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Classification and definition of industrial cleaning

Classification and definition of industrial cleaning

一、   清洗剂行业定义及分类 （1）清洗剂行业定义        工业清洗是物体表面受到物理、化学或生物的作用而形成的污染层或覆盖层称作污垢，去除这些污染物或覆盖层而使其恢复原表面状况的过程称为清洗。 （2）清洗剂行业产品分类 1）按精细度要求分类 一般工业清洗剂、精密工业清洗剂、超精密工业清洗剂 1.一般工业清洗剂包括车辆、轮船、飞机表面的清洗，只能去掉比较粗大的污垢； 2.精密工业清洗剂包括各种产品加工过程中的清洗，各种材料及设备表面的清洗等，以能够去除微小的污垢粒子为特点； 3.超精密工业精洗剂包括精密工业生产过程中对机械零件、电子元件、光学部件等的超精密清洗，以消除极微小污垢颗粒为目的。 2）按清洗方法分类物理清洗和化学清洗 1.物理清洗是利用力学、声学、光学、电学、热学的原理，依靠外来能量的作用，如机械摩擦、超声波、负压、高压、冲击、紫外线、蒸汽等去除物体表面污垢而不改变污类组分的清洗方法。即不改变原来的化学分子组分的方法。 ①机械清洗法：清扫器和刮刀清理法、钻管清洗法、喷丸清洗法。 ②水力清洗法：低压水力清洗（低压清洗的压力为 196-686 千帕，大约 2-7 公斤力/平方厘米，等于 0.2-0.7Mpa）。 ③高压水力清洗：高压清洗的压力为 4900 千帕，大约 50 公斤力/平方厘米， 等于 5Mpa。这种情况方法也叫高压水射流法、高压清洗机。 2.化学清洗是依靠化学反应的作用，利用化学药品或其它溶剂清除物体表面污垢的方法。如用各种无机或有机酸去除物体表面的锈迹、水垢，用氧化剂去除物体表面的色斑等。利用化学药剂使表面污染或覆盖层（如垢层）与其发生化学反应而被除去，如对垢层的酸洗、碱洗等。为使基材在化学清洗中不受腐蚀或使腐蚀率控制在允许范围内，通常在化学清洗液中要加入适量的缓蚀剂和起活化、渗透、润湿作用的添加剂。方法：浸泡法、循环法、运转中清洗法也叫不停车化学清洗法。 3.电子清洗法防垢、除垢原理是：利用高频电场改变水的分子结构，使其防垢和除垢。当水通过高频电场时，其分子物理结构发生了变化，原来的缔合链状大分子，断裂成单个水分子，水中盐类的正负离子被单个水分子包围，运动速度降低，有效碰撞次数减少，静电引力下降，无法在受热壁式管面上结构，从而达到防垢目的。同时由于水分子偶极矩增大，使其与盐的正负离子（水垢分子吸合能力增大，使受热面或管壁上的水垢变得松软，容易脱落，产生了除垢的效果。 4.静电防垢、除垢与电子除垢一样，也是通过改变水分子状态来实现防垢、除垢目的的。只不过后者是利用静电场的作用，而不是电子作用。其机理是水分子具有极性（也称偶极子），当水偶极子通过静电场时，每个水偶极子将按正负 有序地连续排列。如水中含有溶解的盐类，其正负离子将被水偶极子包围，也按正负顺序排列于水偶极子群中，不能自己的运动，因而也就不能靠近管（器）壁， 并进而沉积于管（器）壁上形成水垢。同时，水中释放的氧，可使管壁产生一层极薄的氧化层，可以防止管（器）壁腐蚀。 3）按清洗媒介分类湿式清洗和干式清洗 1.一般将在液体介质中进行的清洗称为湿式清洗，传统的清洗方式大多为湿式清洗。 2.在气体介质中进行的清洗称为干式清洗，如激光清洗、紫外线清洗、等离子清洗、干冰清洗等， 缓蚀剂是在腐蚀性介质中，加入少量的某种物质，能使金属的腐蚀速度大大降低，这种物质称为缓蚀剂。这种保护金属的方法，称为缓蚀剂保护法。 缓蚀剂的分类：        作用机理分为：阳极、阴极、混合型。保护膜的特征分：氧化型、吸附型、沉淀型。其它分类：①有机和无机缓蚀剂②液相、气相、固相缓蚀剂③钢铁、铜、铝缓蚀剂④酸性、碱性、中性缓蚀剂。 4）按清洗对象所处状态分类 投产前清洗、不停产清洗和停产检修清洗 1、投产前清洗：新建化工设备在投产前，必须进行化学清洗和钝化处理。实践证明，开车前的化学清洗和钝化对生产的安全和经济效益有重要的意义。其产生的经济效益是巨大的。 投产前清洗钝化的目的       系统的设备原材料钢管、钢板、不锈钢等在轧制时会形成轧皮；设备在制造、储运及安装过程中会形成铁锈、焊渣和为防腐涂覆在钢材上的油质防锈剂，尘土、砂子、水泥、保温材料等杂质也会混入设备中。由于随着设备容量的增加从钢管、钢板出厂、设备制造、储运、安装到最终投产所需的时间变长，设备的焊口增多， 受热面加大，上述的轧皮、铁锈、焊渣、防锈剂和泥沙等各种杂质的总量增大。 清洗后，在干净的金属表面形成一层致密的化学钝化膜，钝化膜可以有效的防止污垢的再次产生，并且能有效的对设备进行保护。使设备不受腐蚀或者其他化学破坏作用 2、不停产清洗：在化工设备生产过程中，有一些设备是不能停止运行进行检修清洗。因此，不停产清洗技术应运而生。国内不停车清洗技术比较完善，能在设备运行的状态下进行化学清洗和钝化技术。从而保证设备的运行安全和使用效率。 3、停产检修清洗：停产检修，就是在化工企业每年计划检修时间内，设备全部进行停产检修进行的清洗作业。相对来讲，停产检修是对单台设备进行循环化学清洗或者高压水射流进行清洗作业。 （3）产品组成及去污机理污垢 垢是基材表面（或内部）不受欢迎且降低了基材使用功能或改变了基材的清洁形象的沉积物。 污垢的种类 (1)根据污垢的形状分类 ①颗粒状污垢如固体颗粒、微生物颗粒等。 ②膜状污垢如油脂、高分子化合物或无机沉淀物在基材表面形成的膜状物质， 这种膜可以是固态的，也可能是半固态的。有些污垢介于颗粒与膜状之间，还有 的以悬浮状分散于溶剂之中。 (2)根据污垢的化学组成分类按这种分类方法可把污垢分为无机物和有机物两类。 ①无机污垢如水垢、锈垢、泥垢，从化学成分上看，它们多属于金属或非金属氧化物及水化物或无机盐类。 A,硫酸盐工作有硫酸钙、硫酸镁(CaSO4，MgSO4),由于硫酸钙不溶解于普通常用的酸，所以不能用酸（如盐酸或硝酸）直接进行清洗。但是硫酸钙的溶度积大于碳酸钙的溶度积，所以有足量碳酸根存在的情况下，硫酸盐（例如硫酸钙） 可以转化成相应的碳酸盐，之后再用盐酸等进行清洗。所以含大量硫酸盐垢的锅炉需要先进行碱煮（碱液中含碳酸钠），之后再进行酸洗。 B,碳酸盐了解以碳酸钙、碳酸镁(CaSO4，MgSO4)为主，碳酸盐垢在酸洗时比较容易被溶解而去除。 C,磷酸盐以及有磷酸钙[Ca(PO4)2]，这种盐垢含量不高。水热转换器的水体中含磷酸根较少，一部分来自酸洗助剂，所以在用磷酸盐做清洗助剂时不应过量。 D,硅酸盐在于有硅酸钙、硅酸镁( CaSiO3、MgSiO3)，硅酸盐不容易被常用的酸、(HCL,H2SO4)等所溶解，只有氢氟酸对硅酸盐垢具有特殊的溶解清洗功能。 E,氧化物水垢中除了含有大量无机盐类以外，还有较大量的氧化物（如有FeO,Fe2O3,Fe3O4,Fe(OH)2 等）。F,氢氧化物地区有Mg(OH)2、Fe(OH)2、Fe(OH)3 静脉等。       上述氧化物或氢氧化物都可以用酸进行溶解清除，公司在使用工业清洗剂中， 只有更多了解了工业清洗剂的去污原理，才能更好，更有效的使用工业清洗剂的 作用，才能真正地去解决在生产加工中出现的问题。

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Analysis of Problems in the Development of Domestic Industrial Cleaning Agents

Analysis of Problems in the Development of Domestic Industrial Cleaning Agents

 一、清洗剂行业发展存在问题 （1）目前清洗剂行业存在的矛盾 第一、亟待提高准入门槛。第二、品牌企业不多。第三、行业标准落后。第四、亟待开发环保型清洗技术。 （2）形成矛盾的主要原因 第一、由于目前国内清洗剂行业存在有多头管理、条块分割现象，因此行业保护、无序竞争、工程服务质量良莠不齐现象比比皆是。 第二、由于行业没有准入门槛，因此清洗行业以个体企业为主，占到近 60～ 70%，并呈急剧上升之势，这些企业当中有一批不具备清洗剂大型工程的技术和设备，但却可以以绝对的低价扰乱工程的投标。 第三、目前国内工业清洗剂企业能够参照执行的标准还都是上世纪八九十年代化工部等部门颁布的相关标准，已经远远不适应时代的要求。 第四、随着全球环境的恶化，开发新型环保、无污染、低成本的绿色清洗技术已经成为清洗剂行业必然发展趋势和竞争条件。 二、    清洗剂行业五力模型分析 1、现有企业间竞争 目前，中国工业清洗剂行业自身专业化程度正在不断提高，清洁剂科技的研究也紧紧跟随着社会的发展而获得了快速的提升，这对于我国清洁行业而言是一个难得的机遇，而“互联网＋”又给这个清洗剂行业增加了一个新的发展路径。与此同时， 大批的专业清洁剂公司应运而生，加剧了产业链上的竞争。 2、潜在进入者分析 目前工业清洗剂行业所面临的新进入者威胁较大，主要表现在： 工业清洗剂行业市场发展空间较大，对新进入者形成吸引 目前国内工业清洗剂的应用比例和美国、日本等发达国家相比还相差甚远，如果按照发达国家的工业清洗行业市场应用占比，结合我国工业清洗现状，国内工业清洗行业发展潜力巨大。 3、替代品威胁分析 就工业清洗剂现有替代产品来看，目前工业生产过程中，由于种种原因，设备 （塔器、换热器、罐类容器、反应釜等等）和管道中都会产生污垢，如聚合物、结焦、油污、沉积物、腐蚀产物等。这些污垢使得设备和管路失效，生产效率下降，能耗、物耗增加，严重时能使流程中断，装置被迫停产，造成经济损失，甚至可能发生恶性事故。当今完全避免污垢的产生是不可能的，一次清洗就成为工业生产，尤其是石油和化工生产中不可或缺的环节。所以目前工业清洗行业不容易被替代。 4、供应商议价能力 目前国内工业清洗剂行业正处在发展阶段，对于工业生产过程中，设备（塔器、换热器、罐类容器、反应釜等等）和管道中产生的污垢都需要清洗，但随着清洗技术的不断发展，业内出现大大小小从业企业上千家，行业议价能力较强。 5、客户议价能力 对于工业清洗行业来说，目前行业品牌众多，而且同档次的品牌之间的产品性能相差并不大，这就给买方更多的选择空间。另外，行业内企业通过降价方式来扩大市场份额的竞争策略也给消费者带来实惠。总体来看，工业清洗剂行业对消费者的议价能力较弱。

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Present Situation of Industrial Cleaning Agents in China

Present Situation of Industrial Cleaning Agents in China

一、清洗剂行业市场规模 我国民用和工业清洗市场每年的需求高达 3000 亿。主要以民用清洗剂为决大多数，工业清洗剂仅能占 10%左右，不难推算，工业清洗市场每年的需求应是 300亿。 二、清洗剂行业发展特点      近年来，我国工业清洗剂行业蓬勃发展，行业整体技术水平显著提高，装备条件大为改善，取得了一批科技成果，为工业领域的发展作出了积极贡献。但是， 同发达国家相比还存在较大差距。在科技支撑产业发展方面还存在严重不足，行业基础性研究和共性技术开发工作薄弱，产品创新、技术创新能力较弱，节能环保型清洗技术和产品开发相对落后，不能支撑行业发展。行业标准严重缺失，行业准入门槛亟待提高。因此，创新、环保、标准制定应成为“十三五”工业清洗行业发展的关键词。     根据工业清洗剂行业科技发展的要求，在“十三五”期间，工业清洗行业应着重提高自主创新能力。加强节能型、环保型清洗技术的创新，提高资源综合利用效率;加强产业技术研发，显著提升重点产品的核心竞争能力;加强多种技术的综合集成，提升科技服务能力;加强技术研发和科技成果产业化，使研发与工程设计相结合，强化“工程化开发”，提高技术开发的成套性、可靠性。 三、影响行业发展的因素     通过创新发展，“十三五”期间，人工清洗将逐步被高技术装备取代，一些高效率的专用清洗设备得到推广。在储罐清洗领域，成套设备将从进口转向国产化;高压、超高压清洗设备将从进口转向出口。随着我国清洗设备生产厂家技术水平和设备质量的迅速提高，价格优势更加明显，外资企业将开始大量采购国产清洗设备，大批质优价廉的中国制造清洗设备将出口国外。真空清洗等一些新型清洗设备和技术将开始批量生产和应用，一些大型的自动化清洗装置进入市场。新兴的清洗技术和设备领域，如电子器件、汽车、医疗器械、光学元器件、氧化铝溶出管线等将得到发展。     在“十三五”期间，工业清洗行业应当更加注重节能环保。随着精细有机合成技术、生物技术、检测技术等相关技术近年来，我国工业清洗剂行业蓬勃发展， 行业整体技术水平显著提高，装备条件大为改善，取得了一批科技成果，为工业领域的发展作出了积极贡献。但是，同发达国家相比还存在较大差距。在科技支撑产业发展方面还存在严重不足，行业基础性研究和共性技术开发工作薄弱，产品创新、技术创新能力较弱，节能环保型清洗技术和产品开发相对落后，不能支撑行业发展。行业标准严重缺失，行业准入门槛亟待提高。因此，创新、环保、标准制定应成为“十三五”工业清洗行业发展的关键词。     根据工业清洗剂行业科技发展的要求，在“十三五”期间，工业清洗剂行业应着重提高自主创新能力。加强节能型、环保型清洗剂技术的创新，提高资源综合利用效率;加强产业技术研发，显著提升重点产品的核心竞争能力;加强多种技术的综合集成，提升科技服务能力;加强技术研发和科技成果产业化，使研发与工程设计相结合，强化“工程化开发”，提高技术开发的成套性、可靠性。

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Development Status of Industrial Cleaning Industry in 2014-2020

Development Status of Industrial Cleaning Industry in 2014-2020

Development of 1. Industry For a long time, the world's energy development has been overly dependent on fossil energy, which has led to increasingly prominent problems such as resource shortages, climate change, and environmental pollution, which seriously threaten human survival and development. The situation is very serious. To meet the challenges, we need to grasp the new characteristics of the globalization of economic development, the globalization of resource allocation and the globalization of environmental impact, and promote the world's energy to embark on a safe, clean, efficient and sustainable development path. 2. industry competition pattern The competition in the industrial cleaning industry is becoming increasingly fierce. Only by taking the road of integration and development of branding and standardization can we change the status quo and lead the development of the industry. Branding strategy needs a large number of standards to support. Through standardization construction, the quality of products and services can be continuously improved, and a brand recognized by the market can be formed. Branding strategy can also play a role in promoting and promoting standardization work, prompting enterprises to attach importance to standards, use standards and improve standards, so as to realize the sustained, healthy and stable development of the industry. 3. industry development trend 1. Focus on environmental protection At present, nature bears the heavy cost of environmental degradation and its fatal consequences. Human survival has been greatly affected. Cleaning, maintenance and restoration are the key to environmental governance. When more companies (Including cleaning equipment manufacturers, cleaning accessories manufacturers and cleaning agent manufacturers) into the ranks of environmental protection, cleaning agents, cleaning agent industry will witness to the advantages of the environment for the product and equipment, these products and equipment will be how effective, time will prove everything. The challenge for the cleaning industry lies in the need for environmentally friendly cleaning. There is a balance between the overwhelming demand for products and the effective results these cleaning products achieve in cleaning, care and maintenance. 2. Innovation of new technology In addition to focusing on environmental protection, the application of silicon chips is an innovation in clean technology. Now more cleaning equipment, designed to use less detergent, but can make fiber products and hard surfaces cleaner. The cleaning device is implanted in the program and can automatically complete the cleaning task without human control. In the next hundred years, this is no longer just a dream. There will be more equipment and machines that can replace human labor in cleaning work. Innovations in natural dust technology will see an increase in the level of operational skills, with the combination of hand-controlled cleaning equipment and environmentally friendly cleaning products being the main direction of improvement. The coexistence of various technical complexities can lead to greater improvements in consumer insight on the current basis. 3, the impact of information technology on the cleaning industry will gradually appear. It is believed that in developing countries and in developed countries, the cleaning agent industry will continue to develop at different rates. The reason is the problems caused by economic development without sufficient professional and technical knowledge. Thanks to the development of information technology, such problems have been solved. Take the Internet as an example. All kinds of information in the cleaning industry can be spread all over the world through the Internet. In this era of information development, the cleaning industry will have rapid development in developing countries. We have no choice but to foresee this trend. All in all, the cleaning agent industry will have a supersonic general development, whether it is cleaning equipment, cleaning products, the level of operation of professionals or consumers' understanding of cleaning knowledge, there will be rapid development.

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ODS cleaning agent market development

ODS cleaning agent market development

市场发展概况           ODS 是消耗臭氧层物质(ozone depleting substance)的缩写，ODS 在清洗行业中主要是指CFC-113、TCA、CTC 三种清洗剂。虽然这些物质具有良好的清洁效果和经济效益，但是其可破坏臭氧层，造成臭氧层空洞，严重危害地球安全。          ODS 清洗剂的禁用促使世界各国都开发了各式各样的替代品。在欧美等发达国家，常用的不溶于水的可燃性有机溶剂包括碳氢溶剂和硅酮溶剂(聚二甲基硅氧烷)。这两类可燃性溶剂配制的半水基清洗剂是目前使用的半水基清洗剂中最主要的品种。 不燃性有机溶剂，如含有氟、氯、溴等元素的卤代烃类 ODS 替代溶剂也可以配半水基形式，因为他们不溶于水。在配置时为增加与水的相容性，也要加入表面活性剂或醇类、醚类、酮类等可溶于水的有机溶剂，这些物质往往也具有降低表面张力的表面活性的作用。目前这种类型的水基清洗剂的种类和数量很少。      除此之外，市面上的清洗剂产品还包括溴代烃溶剂、有机氟化物(HCFC、HFO、HFE、PFC)和天然有机物(植物系)等。   市场需求现状      在工业清洗领域使用的清洗剂中，ODS（破坏臭氧层物质）清洗剂占有很大比重，特别是在精密清洗中，三氟三氯乙烷（CFC-113）和 1.1.1-三氯乙烷被称为“最好的清洗剂”而倍受欢迎。随着人们对环境保护和人身健康的关心和重视， 寻找新的替代品以淘汰 ODS 清洗剂已成为当务之急。为此，全世界政府部门、科技人员和相关企业做出了巨大投入，各种替代产品和替代技术应运而生。从经济、适用、安全、环保等方面综合平价，碳氢清洗剂是极具前景的 ODS 替代品。 市场发展趋势      利用现有清洗技术改变清洗工艺：以水洗和半水洗为代表，卤代烃清洗剂淘汰的必然趋势。 卤代烃是烃分子中的一部分或全部氢原子被卤素原子（氟、氯、溴、碘）取代而生成的化合物。在工业清洗领域使用最多的卤代烃清洗剂有氯代烃和氟氯烃两类，包括二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷（氯仿）、1,1,1-三氯乙烷、三氯乙烯、四氯乙烯、四氯化碳、三氟三氯乙烷（F-113）卤代烃清洗剂因其具有清洗能力强、不燃烧、干燥快、易蒸馏再生的优点被广泛使用，据统计 2000 年中国用于工业清洗的卤代烃清洗剂超过百万吨。但卤代烃清洗剂在使用中对人、被清洗物和环境会带来许多危害：   1、毒性：上述溶剂除 F-113 和 1,1,1-三氯乙烷外都有很大毒性，通过皮肤、呼吸接触或误食会引起肝、肾、血液中毒，轻者头晕、呕吐，重者会造成休克甚至死亡。一些溶剂在阳光照射下还会产生毒性极大的光气，有致癌作用。因此对使用场所和人员防护有严格要求，空气中最高容许浓度为 10—500ppm。 2、腐蚀：因大部分卤代烃清洗剂中含有氯原子，在一定条件下会分解产生盐酸，对设备和金属工件产生腐蚀。大部分氯代烃溶剂会使塑料橡胶件溶解、溶胀、变形或脆化，使其清洗范围受到限制。 3、蒸发损失大：氯代烃清洗剂沸点低（一般在 40~80℃），均属于易挥发液体，在运输、储存和使用过程中约有 40%的清洗剂因蒸发而损失掉。 4、污染环境：氯代烃溶剂均不能自然降解，排放后对空气、水体和土壤有较严重的污染。 5、破坏臭氧层： F-113、四氯化碳和 1,1,1-三氯乙烷的挥发气体滞留在大气中，随气流上升，在平流层受紫外线照射分解产生氯原子，氯原子作为一种催化剂，可长久的引发损害臭氧层的反应，使臭氧层阻挡紫外线的作用降低，对地球上的人和动、植物带来危害。 卤代烃清洗剂中毒性较大的四氯化碳、三氯甲烷、三氯乙烯、四氯乙烯早已引起人们的高度重视，开始是采用防毒面具、清洗间封闭和清洗设备封闭等方法以减少其扩散，限制污染范围。后来发现了 F-113 的优越性能以后就很少有人使用此类溶剂做清洗了。

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